Emergency management is a critical process that encompasses various phases to ensure that a community can withstand and recover from any potential disaster. Natural and man-made disasters can vary widely, from harsh weather conditions, infectious diseases, civil unrest, to acts of terrorism, and emergency management works towards minimizing their impact on people’s lives. 

Emergency management involves a collaborative approach by governmental organizations, non-governmental agencies, and other local communities to identify, assess, and mitigate risks and hazards. The process comprises four essential stages, namely prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery, each of which tackles unique activities and strategies to ensure a coordinated and effective response.

Prevention measures include initiatives such as building codes and regulations on land use to identify and reduce risks. Preparedness activities aim to develop emergency plans, provide training, conduct drills and simulations to ensure preparedness in case of a crisis. In an event of a disaster, response actions involve the immediate mobilization of available resources, while recovery efforts focus on restoring infrastructure, supporting survivors, and returning the community to its normal state. Effective communication, collaboration, and coordination between responders and the general public are crucial to achieving a successful outcome and minimizing the impact of disasters.